What's the difference between AI, machine learning, and deep learning?
If you’ve spent any time reading about technology lately, you’ve probably seen the terms “Artificial Intelligence,” “Machine Learning,” and “Deep Learning” used almost interchangeably. It can feel like a game of buzzword bingo where everyone is talking about the same thing but using different names to sound more technical.
The truth is that while they are closely related, they aren’t the same thing. Think of them like Russian nesting dolls: Deep Learning is a specific type of Machine Learning, and Machine Learning is a specific type of Artificial Intelligence. Understanding which is which helps clear up the mystery behind how your favorite tools actually work.
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Which browser should you actually use? Chrome, Firefox, Safari, and Edge compared
Choosing a web browser used to be a simple decision based on which icon you liked best or which one came pre-installed on your computer. Today, the stakes are a bit higher. Your browser is your primary window to the digital world, handling everything from your banking to your social life. While they all technically “open websites,” the differences in how they handle your data, your battery life, and your productivity are significant.
In this guide, we’ll look past the marketing and dive into what actually separates Chrome, Firefox, Safari, and Edge in 2025.
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Why AI chatbots make things up: hallucination explained
If you’ve spent any time using modern AI like ChatGPT or Claude, you’ve probably had a “wait, what?” moment. You ask a question, and the chatbot gives you a perfectly formatted, highly confident answer that is completely, 100% wrong. In the industry, we call this “hallucination,” and it remains one of the most fascinating and frustrating quirks of artificial intelligence.
Even with the massive leap forward we’ve seen with “reasoner” models—which use test-time compute to “think” before they speak—AI still sometimes pulls facts out of thin air. It isn’t trying to lie to you; it’s simply doing exactly what it was designed to do: predict the next most likely word in a sequence. Understanding why this happens can help you use these tools more effectively and, more importantly, know when to take their answers with a grain of salt.
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Free vs. paid VPNs: What you're really trading off
Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) have gone from niche tools for corporate offices to household names for anyone looking to stay private online. But as you start looking for one, you’ll immediately run into a choice: do you pay $5–$10 a month, or do you grab one of the dozens of “free” versions available in the app store?
While a free app is always tempting, the old saying holds true—if you aren’t paying for the product, you probably are the product. When it comes to your digital privacy, the tradeoffs between free and paid services are significant, affecting everything from your connection speed to how your personal data is handled behind the scenes.
Read moreMake Prism.js show line numbers by default (without CSS classes)
For client-side syntax highlighting with Hugo, I think Prism.js is the best of the many options available to web developers. It’s highly configurable, supports plenty of languages, and produces a very attractive-looking end product.
There was one bugaboo bothering me, though. One of the Prism features that really impressed me was its ability to put in line numbers in code blocks. This looks good and makes it easier to reference small pieces of code when writing and commenting on it.
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